sudo -i
nano /etc/default/grub
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet i915.force_probe=7d55 intel_iommu=on iommu=pt"
echo -e "vfio\nvfio_iommu_type1\nvfio_pci\nvfio_virqfd" >> /etc/modules

修改硬件直通黑名单，屏蔽直通的显卡
nano /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

AMD独显代码

blacklist radeon
blacklist amdgpu

Nvidia独显代码

blacklist nvidiafb
blacklist nouveau
blacklist nvidia

update-grub
update-initramfs -u -k all